Appendix III
Communicative and non-communicative items arranged according
to their means in descending order in students‘ questionnaire
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Communicative
|
32 | speaking activities |
4.13
|
0.98
|
Com
|
17 | talking to classmates in English |
3.76
|
1.16
|
Com
|
1 | taking part in discussions |
3.75
|
1.05
|
Com
|
14 | listening to others in English |
3.69
|
1.08
|
Com
|
6 | taking part in language games |
3.66
|
1.06
|
Com
|
15 | listening to classmates giving oral presentation |
3.60
|
1.01
|
Com
|
39 | listening to inst. in English |
3.50
|
1.25
|
Com
|
10 | working in pairs |
3.41
|
1.04
|
Com
|
29 | taking part in role-plays |
3.38
|
1.26
|
Com
|
9 | working in small groups |
3.36
|
1.10
|
Com
|
11 | writing short passages in small groups |
3.34
|
1.14
|
Com
|
5 | group oral presentations |
3.28
|
1.15
|
Com
|
4 | giving individual oral presentation |
2.81
|
1.24
|
Com
|
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Non-communicative
|
37 | learning vocabulary |
4.23
|
0.90
|
Noncom
|
35 | speed reading |
4.09
|
0.96
|
Noncom
|
26 | informal, un assessed tests |
3.92
|
1.02
|
Noncom
|
36 | doing translation |
3.84
|
1.10
|
Noncom
|
33 | reading comprehension activities |
3.83
|
0.97
|
Noncom
|
28 | being tested on my learning |
3.67
|
1.04
|
Noncom
|
21 | listening to instructor |
3.60
|
1.10
|
Noncom
|
25 | checking on my own writing |
3.51
|
1.01
|
Noncom
|
16 | planning exam answers |
3.50
|
1.17
|
Noncom
|
22 | doing written exercises |
3.45
|
1.03
|
Noncom
|
31 | reading aloud in class |
3.42
|
1.19
|
Noncom
|
34 | etymology (suffix, root, …) |
3.40
|
1.21
|
Noncom
|
27 | listening to grammar instructions |
3.38
|
1.11
|
Noncom
|
13 | practicing writing exam answers within a time limit |
3.29
|
1.18
|
Noncom
|
2 | instructor-directed library research |
3.26
|
1.24
|
Noncom
|
12 | writing short passages individually in class |
3.00
|
1.16
|
Noncom
|
24 | checking other students’ writing |
2.96
|
1.11
|
Noncom
|
8 | studying grammatical rules |
2.89
|
1.18
|
Noncom
|
7 | reading texts for language analysis, e.g., tenses |
2.76
|
1.21
|
Noncom
|
SD = Standard Deviation; com = communicative; noncom =
non-communicative
Text-based and Speech-based Items arranged according to
their means in descending order in students‘ questionnaire
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Text-based
|
35 | speed reading |
4.09
|
0.96
|
TX
|
26 | informal, un assessed tests |
3.92
|
1.02
|
TX
|
36 | doing translation |
3.84
|
1.10
|
TX
|
33 | reading comprehension activities |
3.83
|
0.97
|
TX
|
25 | checking on my own writing |
3.51
|
1.01
|
TX
|
16 | planning exam answers |
3.50
|
1.17
|
TX
|
22 | doing written exercises |
3.45
|
1.03
|
TX
|
31 | reading aloud in class |
3.42
|
1.19
|
TX
|
34 | etymology (suffix, root, …) |
3.40
|
1.21
|
TX
|
19 | writing assignment |
3.39
|
1.26
|
TX
|
11 | writing short passages in small groups |
3.34
|
1.14
|
TX
|
13 | practicing writing exam answers within a time limit |
3.29
|
1.18
|
TX
|
2 | instructor-directed library research |
3.26
|
1.24
|
TX
|
20 | doing project work |
3.03
|
1.18
|
TX
|
12 | writing short passages individually in class |
3.00
|
1.16
|
TX
|
24 | checking other students’ writing |
2.96
|
1.11
|
TX
|
8 | studying grammatical rules |
2.89
|
1.18
|
TX
|
7 | reading texts for language analysis, e.g., tenses |
2.76
|
1.21
|
TX
|
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Speech-based
|
32 | speaking activities |
4.13
|
0.98
|
SP
|
3 | watching training videos |
4.01
|
1.04
|
SP
|
23 | listening activities |
3.93
|
1.03
|
SP
|
30 | listening to audio recordings |
3.89
|
1.09
|
SP
|
18 | using language laboratory |
3.88
|
1.14
|
SP
|
17 | talking to classmates in English |
3.76
|
1.16
|
SP
|
1 | taking part in discussions |
3.75
|
1.05
|
SP
|
14 | listening to others in English |
3.69
|
1.08
|
SP
|
15 | listening to classmates giving oral presentation |
3.60
|
1.01
|
SP
|
21 | listening to instructor |
3.60
|
1.10
|
SP
|
39 | listening to instructor in English |
3.50
|
1.25
|
SP
|
27 | listening to grammar instructions |
3.38
|
1.11
|
SP
|
29 | taking part in role-plays |
3.38
|
1.26
|
SP
|
5 | group oral presentations |
3.28
|
1.15
|
SP
|
4 | giving individual oral presentation |
2.81
|
1.24
|
SP
|
SD = Standard Deviation; SP =
speech-based; TX = text-based
Communicative and Non-communicative Items arranged according
to their means in descending order in instructors’ questionnaire
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Communicative
|
32 | speaking activities |
3.85
|
0.77
|
Com
|
1 | taking part in discussions |
3.81
|
0.83
|
Com
|
6 | language games |
3.67
|
1.18
|
Com
|
10 | working in pairs |
3.59
|
0.97
|
Com
|
9 | working in small groups |
3.52
|
0.94
|
Com
|
14 | listening to others using Eng. in class |
3.41
|
0.84
|
Com
|
15 | listening to classmates giving oral presentations |
3.33
|
0.88
|
Com
|
29 | taking part in role-play |
3.26
|
1.06
|
Com
|
39 | listening to my instructor speaking English all the time |
3.11
|
1.34
|
Com
|
17 | talking to classmates in Eng. |
3.04
|
1.16
|
Com
|
5 | giving group oral presentations |
2.89
|
1.09
|
Com
|
4 | giving individual oral presentations |
2.89
|
1.09
|
Com
|
11 | writing short passages in small groups |
2.63
|
1.01
|
Com
|
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Non-communicative
|
37 | learning vocabulary |
3.96
|
0.81
|
Noncom
|
33 | reading comprehension |
3.93
|
0.73
|
Noncom
|
16 | planning exam answers |
3.78
|
1.09
|
Noncom
|
36 | translation |
3.67
|
0.92
|
Noncom
|
28 | being tested on my learning |
3.59
|
1.01
|
Noncom
|
26 | doing informal, un assessed tests |
3.59
|
1.15
|
Noncom
|
22 | doing written exercises |
3.56
|
0.89
|
Noncom
|
34 | etymology (prefix, root, …) |
3.56
|
0.97
|
Noncom
|
25 | checking my own writing |
3.48
|
0.89
|
Noncom
|
21 | listening to instructor giving explanations about skills |
3.48
|
1.05
|
Noncom
|
13 | practicing writing exam answers |
3.33
|
1.00
|
Noncom
|
35 | speed reading |
3.26
|
1.02
|
Noncom
|
27 | listening to the instructor giving explanations about language, e.g., active voice |
3.26
|
1.10
|
Noncom
|
24 | checking other students’ writing |
3.15
|
0.99
|
Noncom
|
31 | reading aloud in class |
3.07
|
1.00
|
Noncom
|
8 | studying grammatical rules |
3.00
|
1.14
|
Noncom
|
7 | reading texts for language analysis |
2.74
|
1.06
|
Noncom
|
2 | instructor-directed library research |
2.63
|
1.08
|
Noncom
|
12 | writing short passages individually |
2.44
|
0.93
|
Noncom
|
SD = Standard Deviation; com = communicative; noncom = non-communicative
Text-based and Speech-based Items arranged according
to their means in descending order in instructors’ questionnaire
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Text-based
|
33 | reading comprehension |
3.93
|
0.73
|
TX
|
16 | planning exam answers |
3.78
|
1.09
|
TX
|
36 | translation |
3.67
|
0.92
|
TX
|
26 | doing informal, un assessed tests |
3.59
|
1.15
|
TX
|
22 | doing written exercises |
3.56
|
0.89
|
TX
|
34 | etymology (prefix, root, …) |
3.56
|
0.97
|
TX
|
25 | checking my own writing |
3.48
|
0.89
|
TX
|
13 | practicing writing exam answers |
3.33
|
1.00
|
TX
|
35 | speed reading |
3.26
|
1.02
|
TX
|
24 | checking other students’ writing |
3.15
|
0.99
|
TX
|
31 | reading aloud in class |
3.07
|
1.00
|
TX
|
20 | doing project work |
3.00
|
1.07
|
TX
|
8 | studying grammatical rules |
3.00
|
1.14
|
TX
|
19 | writing assignments outside class |
2.81
|
0.92
|
TX
|
7 | reading texts for language analysis |
2.74
|
1.06
|
TX
|
11 | writing short passages in small groups |
2.63
|
1.01
|
TX
|
2 | instructor-directed library research |
2.63
|
1.08
|
TX
|
12 | writing short passages individually |
2.44
|
0.93
|
TX
|
No. | Items | Mean | SD |
Speech-based
|
3 | watching training videos |
4.11
|
0.70
|
SP
|
18 | using language laboratory |
4.04
|
0.90
|
SP
|
32 | speaking activities |
3.85
|
0.77
|
SP
|
1 | taking part in discussions |
3.81
|
0.83
|
SP
|
23 | listening activities |
3.74
|
0.90
|
SP
|
30 | listening to audio recordings |
3.63
|
1.04
|
SP
|
21 | listening to instructor giving explanations about skills |
3.48
|
1.05
|
SP
|
14 | listening to others using Eng. in class |
3.41
|
0.84
|
SP
|
15 | listening to classmates giving oral presentations |
3.33
|
0.88
|
SP
|
29 | taking part in role-play |
3.26
|
1.06
|
SP
|
27 | listening to the instructor giving explanations about language, e.g., active voice |
3.26
|
1.10
|
SP
|
39 | listening to my instructor speaking English all the time |
3.11
|
1.34
|
SP
|
17 | talking to classmates in Eng. |
3.04
|
1.16
|
SP
|
5 | giving group oral presentations |
2.89
|
1.09
|
SP
|
4 | giving individual oral presentations |
2.89
|
1.09
|
SP
|
SD = Standard Deviation; SP = speech-based; TX = text-based